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tsaitgaist, 10/01/2019 03:16 PM
make card emulation less ambigious

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h1. Osmocom SIMtrace 2
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{{>toc}}
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Osmocom SIMtrace 2 is a software, firmware and hardware system for passively tracing SIM-ME communication between the SIM card and the mobile phone, and remote SIM operation.
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While it was designed for SIM-ME communication, it supports all ISO 7816 smart-cards using the T=0 protocol (the most common case).
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It is a followup of the "SIMtrace project":/projects/simtrace/wiki, providing more functionalities (e.g. remote SIM operation) and supporting multiple boards (e.g. SIMtrace with SAM3S, "sysmoQMOD":https://www.sysmocom.de/products/sysmoqmod/index.html).
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h2. Hardware
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The SIMtrace 2 firmware supports several boards.
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The firmware is written for an "ATSAM3S4B":https://www.microchip.com/wwwproducts/en/ATSAM3S4B micro-controller.
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Note: The SAM3S is meanwhile labelled as _not recommended for new designs_ by Atmel. However, there are plenty of hardware and software compatible upgrade options, including SAM4S. The upgrade is possible in the future.
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h3. SIMtrace v2
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!{width:20%}simtrace-board-mini.jpg!
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The main purpose of this board is to sniff the communication between a phone and a SIM card (or any card reader and smart-card).
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This is the same circuit board as the previous "SIMtrace v1":/projects/simtrace/wiki/SIMtrace_Hardware, with the exception that the "ATSAM3S4B":https://www.microchip.com/wwwproducts/en/ATSAM3S4B micro-controller replaces the old "AT91SAM7S64":https://www.microchip.com/wwwproducts/en/AT91SAM7S64. Since the SAM3S is pin compatible with the SAM7S, any SIMtrace v1 board can be converted into a SIMtrace v2 board simply by replacing the micro-controller.
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Note: This hardware is "open source":https://git.osmocom.org/simtrace/tree/hardware.
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h3. sysmoQMOD
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!{width:25%}sysmoqmod.png!
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The SAM3S micro-controller with SIMtrace 2 firmware is also used on the "sysmoQMOD":https://www.sysmocom.de/products/sysmoqmod/index.html board to provide remote SIM operation capabilities.
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Note: This hardware is not open source.
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h2. Firmware
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The SIMtrace 2 firmware source code is available in "git":https://git.osmocom.org/simtrace2/.
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Pre-built firmware binaries are available "here":http://ftp.osmocom.org/binaries/simtrace2/firmware/.
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The firmware are currently under active development and we recommend to [[Flashing|flash]] the new firmware images to profit from the latest bug fixes and added functionalities.
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The SIMtrace 2 firmware is a complete rewrite and *can only be flashed on hardware with SAM3S* ARM Cortex-M3-based micro-controllers.
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*The SIMtrace 2 firmware is not compatible with the older "SIMtrace v1":/projects/simtrace/wiki/SIMtrace_Hardware using SAM7S ARM7TDMI-based micro-controllers.*
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To get the version of the firmware flashed on the device:
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* connect a USB to UART cable either to the 2.5 mm stereo headphone connector (tip = TX, ring = RX, sleeve = GND) or the nearby DEBUG port (pin 1 = GND, pin 4 = TX, pin 5 = RX)
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* open the serial port with the following configuration: 921600 8N1 (115200 8N1 before version 0.5.1.2-80d9 from 2018-08-28)
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* reboot the board using the RESET button or by re-plugging the USB connector
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* you should see a banner containing the version information:
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<pre>
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=============================================================================
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SIMtrace2 firmware 0.4.195-acb7 (C) 2010-2016 by Harald Welte                
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=============================================================================
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</pre>
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h3. trace
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The trace application firmware allow to sniff the communication between a phone and a SIM card (or any card reader and smart-card).
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It is intended for the [[Wiki#SIMtrace v2|SIMtrace v2 hardware]] and its function is analog to the "SIMtrace v1":/projects/simtrace/wiki/SIMtrace_Firmware.
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The sniffing is completely passive. It uses the RST, ATR, PPS (baud rate tested with F/D up to 512/32), and WT (waiting timeout) to properly parse the ISO 7816-3 TPDUs.
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Currently only the T=0 protocol is supported since this is the most common protocol used (we haven't seen T=1 in use).
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!{width:25%}simtrace_and_phone.jpg!
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The application firmware to be flashed using [[Flashing#DFU|DFU]] is "simtrace-trace-dfu.bin":http://ftp.osmocom.org/binaries/simtrace2/firmware/simtrace-trace-dfu.bin.
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h3. card emulation
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The card emulation application firmware allows to emulate a card (e.g SIM). This is useful if you don't want to change the card in the device (e.g. phone), or have the card in a remote location.
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This firmware comes preflashed on the sysmoQMOD board.
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It also exists from the SIMtrace v2 board, but is currently in beta. If you still would like to try it, read this [[Cardem|article]].
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*Do not use the @simtrace-cardem-dfu.bin@ firmware from the [[Wiki#Firmware|firmware repository]] since this currently does not include the fixes from the beta firmware.*
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h3. Development
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To compile the firmware using the source code, or participate in the development, please refer to the instructions provided in the "README":https://git.osmocom.org/simtrace2/tree/firmware/README.txt .
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h2. Flashing
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The [[Wiki#Firmware|firmware images]] can be flashed as described [[Flashing|here]].
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h2. Host PC Software
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The SIMtrace 2 host PC software are available in the "simtrace2 git":https://git.osmocom.org/simtrace2/.
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h3. Preconditions
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[[libosmocore:]], libpcsclite and libusb.
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to install those packages:
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<pre>
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sudo apt-get install libusb-1.0-0-dev libosmocore-dev libpcsclite-dev
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</code></pre>
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h3. Compiling it
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<pre>
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git clone git://git.osmocom.org/simtrace2.git
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cd simtrace2/host/
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make
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</pre>
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h3. Accessing it
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Add udev rules so to be able to use SIMtrace 2 devices and access the device as non-root user:
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<pre>
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# add current user to plugdev group (user needs to re-login for this change to take effect)
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sudo adduser $USERNAME plugdev
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# grant access permission to SIMtrace 2 for plugdev group
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sudo wget -O /etc/udev/rules.d/99-simtrace2.rules https://git.osmocom.org/simtrace2/plain/host/99-simtrace2.rules 
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# reload udev rules
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sudo udevadm control --reload-rules
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sudo udevadm trigger
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</pre>
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h3. Applications
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h4. simtrace2-list
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@simtrace2-list@ allows to list all SIMtrace 2 compatible devices:
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<pre>
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./simtrace2-list
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USB matches: 1
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	1d50:60e3 Addr=4, Path=2-2.3, Cfg=1, Intf=0, Alt=0: 255/1/0 (SIMtrace Sniffer)
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</pre>
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This is useful when you have multiple devices (such as with the [[Wiki#sysmoQMOD]]) and have to specific with device to use by the other applications.
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h4. simtrace2-sniff
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This will use the [[Wiki#trace|trace]] firmware and retrieve the sniffed phone-SIM communication.
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The activity will be shown on the consol output:
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<pre>
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./simtrace2-sniff 
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simtrace2-sniff - Phone-SIM card communication sniffer 
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(C) 2010-2017 by Harald Welte <laforge@gnumonks.org>
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(C) 2018 by Kevin Redon <kredon@sysmocom.de>
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Using USB device 1d50:60e3 Addr=4, Path=2-2.3, Cfg=1, Intf=0, Alt=0: 255/1/0 (SIMtrace Sniffer)
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Entering main loop
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Card state change: reset hold
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Card state change: reset release
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ATR: 3b 9f 96 80 1f c7 80 31 a0 73 be 21 13 67 43 20 07 18 00 00 01 a5 
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PPS: ff 10 96 79 
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PPS: ff 10 96 79 
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Fi/Di switched to 512/32
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TPDU: a0 a4 00 00 02 3f 00 9f 22 
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TPDU: a0 a4 00 00 02 7f 20 9f 22 
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TPDU: a0 a4 00 00 02 6f 46 9f 0f 
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TPDU: a0 b0 00 00 11 81 43 43 43 20 45 76 65 6e 74 ff ff ff ff ff ff ff 90 00 
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Card state change: reset hold
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</pre>
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The TPDU will also be sent the GSMTAP frames to UDP/IPv4 localhost:4729.
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This also allows to analyze the communication in wireshark using the GSM SIM dissector.
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!{width:50%}wireshark-sim.png!
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{{include(cellular-infrastructure:MacroBinaryPackages)}}
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